The 10 million year resolution timescale of the Paleobiology Database

Roughly 10 million year timescale used in some analyses.

Usage

data(tens)

Format

A data.frame with 49 observations and 9 variables:

X10

The name of the bin: Period and number.

Ocean

The primary state of the oceans from the point of carbonate precipitation. ar indicates aragonitic, cc indicates calcitic conditions.

Climate

Primary climatic characteristic: w denotes warm, c denotes cold.

bottom

Numeric ages of the bottom boundaries (earliest ages) of the bins.

mid

Numeric ages midpoints of the bins, the averages of bottom and top.

top

Numeric ages of the tops (latest ages) of the bins.

dur

Numeric ages of the durations of the bins.

ten

Integer number identifiers of the bins. §correct to num!

Source

Executive committee meeting (2015) of old Paleobiology Database. Additional variables were added by Wolfgang Kiessling.

Details

This is an example time scale object that can be used in the Phanerozoic scale analyses. This time scale comprises 49 bins, roughly 10 million years of durations that result from the combination of certain standard stages.